Evaluation of Smart Materials on Building Envelope

The principle of sustainability has become widespread as a solution to problems such as air, water and environmental pollution, global warming, climate change and heat islands caused by today's urbanization problems. The transition from traditional materials to smart materials is supported by the change in building materials with the development of technology. Smart materials are gaining a place in the literature both because they support the sustainable approach and because they are more user-oriented than traditional materials. The main subject of this study is smart materials, which have the ability to self-repair, detect and respond to environmental stimuli. The use of these innovative materials, which are aimed at environmental factors, in the building envelope, which are directly exposed to external factors, is of great importance. In this context, the study examines smart materials used in the building envelope elements of facade, roof and shell. Smart materials used in floor and wall elements that are not directly exposed to external factors are not analyzed. Cern Globe of Science and Innovation Building, Brasilia Stadium, Kaohsiung Stadium, Bloom Pavilion, Hygroskin Pavilion, Ara Pacis Museum, Xicui Entertainment Center, Arab Institute and House R 128 were selected as the buildings analyzed. The smart materials used in the building shells of these selected buildings were examined and their properties were explained. As a result of the analysis, it is noteworthy that the buildings where smart materials are used are also sustainable targeted buildings. Smart materials, which can be directly integrated into the building shells or integrated into the building shell with a system, can be easily associated with buildings due to their advantages such as their wide variety and their ability to solve problems related to user comfort.